Longmen grottoes in binyang cave statuettes: the transformation of Chinese style _ figurine skills4

Core tip: longmen grottoes in 12 km south of luoyang dragon gate, the late northern wei dynasty, emperor xiaowen ( 471-499) To facilitate the masses of north China's global control and speed up the implementation of the 'localization' longmen grottoes in 12 km south of luoyang dragon gate, the late northern wei dynasty, emperor xiaowen ( 471-499) To facilitate the masses of north China's global control and measures to accelerate the implementation of the 'localization', in 18 years taihe ( 494) Move to luoyang. The longmen grottoes, of course, the first open wat, about a few years before the move to luoyang ( About 488 years) before and after 。 Important grotto of the northern wei period are in binyang GuYang hole, hole, lotus cave, called longmen 'three wat northern wei'. Binyang hole Lord Buddha bust in northern wei dynasty 'GuYang hole' is one of the earliest caves for the excavation of longmen, is the use of natural caves following excavation and become, is full of small niche, between the ceiling and the surrounding wall full of beautiful things in eyes. Famous calligraphy art essence of 'gate 20 items' ( Sculpture inscription words) Accounts for more than 19 items, GuYang hole. In 'GuYang hole hole' three characters was later generations and carving. Buddha bodhisattva faces on both sides of the long and full, is not a typical 'show bone like' characteristics. Yungang for sandstone weathering, longmen for limestone, high hardness, but man-made damage is very serious. GuYang hole on the north wall of buddhist statues, buddhist cave and foot maitreya like, appearance handsome slender, art style is consistent with the yungang phase 3 statues, was influenced by the culture in late northern wei dynasty popular 'show bone like' typical ( But the dress is 'exotic') 。 Flying south wall form, like the dunhuang frescoes in the sky, lively slender body characteristics is obvious. Binyang hole disciple kasyapa in binyang cave in the south and north, northern wei three holes, in the late northern wei dynasty achieved only in the hole, south and north two holes is not completed, today saw the south and north of two holes are statues sui - Tang dynasty. In binyang cave is a iii dambulla cave temple, statues well-preserved, awoke JiaFu sitting Buddha, the high 8. 42 meters, 'praise the clothes bo belt type' long dress, faces a more delicate and pretty, gentle expression. Wide face longer, nose, nose narrow, height is reduced, this statue of Buddha, completely Chinese style, from face posture of 'localization' of the 'thin' and clothing, and cordial smile, marks the yungang 'haze five hole' in the early northern wei dynasty statues that more 'western' or 'India', to longmen binyang hole in the late northern wei dynasty, namely is nationalization, sinicization. Standing for big disciple kasyapa, small disciple, difficult and two bodhisattvas. South wall and north wall and each has a set of 'two disciple stands resemble one Buddha and two bodhisattvas, basic content and yungang' haze five wat 'Buddha' iii ', but increase the image of a bodhisattva, disciple. Binyang cave famous emperor after proving figure embossment, a total of two, one for the wei emperor xiaowen figure course, one for the queen fumiaki course chart, very high artistic value, cherish both proving image stolen chisel, now in New York City art museum and Kansas city, nelson museum of art. Binyang hole in the disciple to longmen grottoes, the northern wei in the late north Korean ( Beiqi) Imaging characteristics of become 'dumpy Sundays,' and to the direction of the plump and gentle, this is because the previous deeply influence in the culture, while this effect no longer exists. Binyang cave Lord Buddha stood right in northern wei dynasty of the bodhisattva