Classification of various forms of sculpture

by:Ennas      2022-02-20
There are many types of sculptures, which can be divided into many different classification methods, such as: sculpture form classification, sculpture function classification, and sculpture material classification. Here is a detailed introduction to the details of sculpture classification. One, classification from sculpture form 1. Round sculpture-is a completely three-dimensional form of sculpture. Round sculptures generally do not have a background. They can be viewed from various viewpoints around the statue. Round sculptures are suitable for placing in an environment that requires independent space. But its round sculptures have the above characteristics. The sense of space and volume are also particularly strong. 2. Relief-the shape is generally attached to the floor and wall and other planes, and the well occupies a certain space. Relief is a form of sculpture between the round sculpture and the painting. It has the advantages of both. According to the difference of the ups and downs of the shape, it can be divided into two categories: high relief and low relief. There are also different forms of concave relief, convex flat sculpture, openwork, and line sculpture, which belong to the category of relief. Classification from the function of sculpture 1. Monumental sculptures-express outstanding historical figures and historical events in the form of sculptures, generally placed in public places such as squares, parks, mausoleums, ancestral temples, ancestral halls, historical events and the birthplaces of historical figures, etc. The essence of monumental sculpture is to appear as a subject in the environment. It controls and dominates the entire space environment. Monumental sculpture also has the characteristics of public sculpture. 2. Public sculpture-refers to the placement of the street, the shopping mall, and the story Districts, stations, piers, gardens, green spaces, bridges, factories and other places. The space in which they are located is a space shared by the public. This type of sculpture decorates the building and the environment, enriches the spatial hierarchy, and has a finishing touch to the entire city. 3. Practical sculptures-sculptures made with sculpture as a means and for practical purposes. The more typical ones are large-scale toy sculptures, advertising sculptures, sign sculptures, timing sculptures, etc. in parks and playgrounds. These functional sculptures have not only achieved It has a practical purpose and beautifies the environment. 4. Religious sculptures are generally placed in religious places such as churches and temples. Religious sculptures are widely used as idols for people to worship and symbols of religious sacredness. Religion emphasizes the sacredness of shrines Sexuality has imposed various norms and restrictions on religious sculptures. Many fixed programs have been formed. Taking Buddhism as an example, Buddha statues should be shaped according to the provisions of the Buddhist scriptures, and the specifications and calculation standards of the statues. 5. Craftsmanship-divided into appreciation and There are two kinds of practicality. There are small sculptures placed on the desk and coffee table for people to appreciate and play, and some are sculptures related to the actual use, such as vases, jewelry, etc. The materials used are mud, bamboo, wood, fruit pits, and shells. , Metal, ceramics, gems, beads and jade, etc., the categories are extremely rich. Three. Classification from the sculpture materials 1. Stone carvings-the art of stone carvings shaped by stones is an older type of creative art. The inherent characteristics of stone are suitable for performance groups. The shape of the block structure is not suitable for carving works that are too delicate. The use of different properties of stone can be used to carve rough, thick or soft and delicate works. 2. Wood carving-using wood to carve has a long history. Wood is soft, tough and easy The carving is easy to carve, not only can express the rough and thick shape, but also can be finely carved, and even hollowed out to carve exquisite and translucent layers. 3. Metal carving. Plastic casting bronze-bronze casting for sculpture has a history of thousands of years. Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin. In modern times, copper and aluminum alloys are mostly used. The strength and corrosion resistance are higher than the former. The fluidity during casting is also good. The formed sculpture is not limited by the form of modeling and can reproduce the appearance of the original. Cast iron-iron is one of the traditional sculpture materials, and the casting process is the same as bronze. The sculpture made of cast iron is vigorous and simple, but the iron is oxidized and corroded. There are few sculptures of cast iron. Stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and titanium alloy are all new materials for sculpture. The corrosion resistance is good, the strength is high, the material is light, and the color is bright, which provides a world for new sculpture forms and expression methods. 4. Concrete Sculpture-use steel bar as a needle frame, mixed with mountain cement, stones, and sand, and solidified and hardened by the hydration of cement. Originally a building material, it is relatively easy to reproduce due to its low price. The cast sculpture has a similar stone carving after axe is chopped. It is often placed outdoors instead of stone carvings. 5. Glass sculpture-glass fiber reinforced plastic is a polymer material. The epoxy resin is cured in the mold. Its characteristics are simple process, convenient molding, and light weight. It can maintain the original appearance. The disadvantage is that it is easy to age when placed outdoors. 6. Clay sculpture-a clay sculpture shaped from pure mud, which is turned into a mold and then reshaped by other materials; the other is the traditional performance of our country The method is to use wood as a frame, mixed with a proper proportion of fibers in the mud, and the finished product is finished. The colored sculpture in the traditional sculpture uses this kind of clay sculpture method. 7. Brick carving-practical material site fine water mill brick It is a commonly used carving material in the construction of folk masonry structure. Because the strength of bricks is not high, the texture is relatively crisp, and the form of high relief is generally used, and the knife method is concise, which makes the brick carving more decorative. 8. Pottery and porcelain. -One is to directly shape and shape by using clay, the other is to turn the clay into a mold. Then grouting or rubbing molding, after drying, decide whether to glaze according to needs, and then put it in the kiln for baking. Small to desk sculpture, large Qin terracotta warriors and horses nearly 2 meters high can be molded. The above is an introduction to the classification of various forms of sculpture. I hope I can help you.
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